Cylindrical pins are positioning components widely utilized in the field of mechanical engineering. Classified as fundamental mechanical elements, they achieve fixation through an interference fit. The primary types include solid cylindrical pins, internally threaded cylindrical pins, and elastic cylindrical pins. These components are manufactured using high-quality carbon structural steel; standard models typically employ C35 or C45 steel subjected to heat treatment, while elastic models utilize 65Mn spring steel. Their manufacture adheres to the national standards GB/T 119.1-2000 and GB/T 119.2-2000.
These components establish non-separable connections via an interference fit, characterized by their simple structure and excellent alignment capabilities. Their load-bearing capacity must be verified through calculations of shear strength and bearing strength; specifically, the allowable shear stress for standard models is 80 MPa, while elastic models can withstand 120–130 MPa. Solid cylindrical pins require reamed pinholes and rely on a slight interference fit for fixation; however, repeated disassembly and reassembly may compromise positioning accuracy. Internally threaded cylindrical pins are suitable for positioning and joining applications involving blind holes. Elastic cylindrical pins consist of a longitudinally slotted tubular structure made from quenched spring steel; they impose lower requirements on pinhole precision and permit repeated disassembly and reassembly. These components are widely applied in mechanical assembly, safety devices, cycloidal pin-wheel reducers, and various other types of equipment.
